Java Physics

 

resonance1
resonance2

Mechanical Resonance

 

 

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Natural frequency (or called Characteristic Frequency)

That is the frequency at which a system would oscillate by itself if displaced. The natural frequency of a spring-mass system is fo= √(k/m)/2π, where k is the spring constant and m is the mass of the object attached to the spring.


Forced oscillation

A periodic force at a given frequency (called driving frequency fd) is applied to an oscillating system of natural frequency fo. At the beginning (transient stage), there is a mixture of two kinds of oscillations, one has the frequency fo and the other has fd. The former will gradually die out because of the damping effect. Eventually (at the steady state) the system settles down with oscillation at the frequency of the driving force (fd).


transient

At the transient stage, the object responds to two oscillations (fo and fd), the superposition of them forms a BEAT.


Resonance

When the driving frequency is at the same frequency as the natural frequency of the oscillator, the amplitude of oscillation is at its greatest. When this happens the energy of the oscillator becomes a maximum.


Phase

When fd << fo, the responder is in phase with the driver.
When fd = fo, the responder lags the driver by 900.
When fd >> fo, the responder and the driver are in antiphase.

 

 

 


  • The author (Chiu-king Ng) has the copyright on all the simulations in this website.
  • Email phyAA@phy.hk, where AA is the prime number following 7.
  • Last Update:2019-3-20